improves the forecasting of the aggregated series compared to using the aggregated series alone. We used econometric techniques …-horizon Superior Predictive Ability (uSPA) tests, used to select the best forecasting model by combining different horizons. Our sample … forecasting horizons that are more than one month ahead using the mean square error, and the aggregated ETS has better forecasting …

-Sampling approach (U-MIDAS) (see Foroni et al., 2015; Castle et al., 2009; Bec and Mogliani, 2013), and the LASSO-type penalised … regression used in Bai and Ng (2008), called the elastic net (Zou and Hastie, 2005). We illustrate our approach by forecasting …

notably with the pandemic. In a VAR, allowing the errors to have a distribution with fatter tails than the Gaussian one equips … the model to better deal with the COVID-19 shock. A standard Gaussian VAR can still be used for producing conditional …