The application of Internet–based virtual stock markets (VSMs) is an additional approach that can be used to predict short– and medium–term market developments. The basic concept involves bringing a group of participants together via the Internet and allowing them to trade shares of...

This paper examines the causal relationship between insurance market penetration and per capita economic growth in 19 Eurozone countries for the period 1980-2014. We use three different indicators of insurance market penetration (IMP), namely life insurance penetration, non-life insurance...

In this paper we study the zero frequency spectral properties of fractionally cointegrated long memory processes and introduce a new frequency domain principal components estimator of the cointegration space and the factor loading matrix for the long memory factors. We find that for fractionally...