Econometric studies for global heating have typically used regional or global temperature averages to study its long memory properties. One typical explanation behind the long memory properties of temperature averages is cross-sectional aggregation. Nonetheless, formal analysis regarding the...

The goal of this paper is to search for conclusive evidence against the stationarity of the global air surface temperature, which is one of the most important indicators of climate change. For this purpose, possible long-range dependencies are investigated in the frequency-domain. Since...

High-frequency data can provide us with a quantity of informa- tion for forecasting, help to calculate and prevent the future risk based on extremes. This tail behaviour is very often driven by ex- ogenous components and may be modelled conditional on other vari- ables. However, many of these...

In this paper we use the Hodrick-Prescott filter for analysing global temperature data. We are especially concerned with a reliable estimation of the trend component at the end of the data sample. To this end we employ time-varying values for the penalization parameter. The optimal values are...

We analyze the price dynamics of European allowances and international carbon credits in the second phase of the European carbon market. We develop and use a model combining fundamental drivers associated with the demand for quotas by installations and risk-return considerations related to the...

We extend the frequency-specific Granger-causality test of Breitung et al. (2006) to a more general null hypothesis that allows causality testing at unknown frequencies within a prespecified range of frequencies. This setup corresponds better to empirical situations encountered in applied...

This paper assesses the stochastic convergence of relative CO₂ emissions within three different sets of countries over the period 1950-2013. Using the Local Whittle (LW) estimator and its variants we investigate whether relative per-capita CO₂ emissions are long memory processes which, although...

In this paper we use the Hodrick-Prescott filter for analyzing global temperature data. We are especially concerned with a reliable estimation of the trend component at the end of the data sample. To this end we employ time-varying values for the penalization parameter. The optimal values are...

The logistic function is one of the most useful mathematical models that can be utilised for various practical, real-life data, such as forecasting sea ice extent. This study aims to determine what logistic function is and how it can help forecast a time series problem, as in our case, a sea ice...

Evidence-based policy of global warming is best relying on a relevant sample of data. We choose a sample of annual data from 1959 to-date to provide some statistically robust stylized facts about the relationships between actual CO2 and temperature. Visually, there is a clear upward trend in...