trade issues in the presence of country asymmetries in terms of product qualities, technology, costs, market size, and … ‘leapfrogging’ in terms of product qualities. This note presents an example where a minimum quality standard facilitates …

trade issues in the presence of country asymmetries in terms of product qualities, technology, costs, market size and income …

In a model of vertical product differentiation, duopolistic firms face quality-dependent costs and compete on quality … and price in two segmented markets. Minimum quality standards, set uniformly or according to the principle of mutual …

differentiation and trade in which duopolistic firms face quality-dependent costs and compete on quality and price in two segmented …This paper studies the influence of minimum quality standards in a partial-equilibrium model of vertical product …

In a model of vertical product differentiation, duopolistic firms face quality-dependent costs and compete on quality … and price in two segmented markets. Minimum quality standards, set according to the principle of Mutual Recognition, can …’ qualities in the previous period determine their costs. In an N-period game, quality standards will, in fact, lead to …

This paper develops a model of international trade where firms are heterogeneous across capacity and productivity. A … markets with a flexible competitive structure giving rise to instances where trade and trade liberalization negatively impact …

We examine the R&D and export decisions of two ex ante symmetric firms in symmetric countries, with both unit trade … costs and fixed entry costs to the export market. When both trade costs are low, there will be a symmetric, cross …-hauling duopoly, but if fixed costs are fairly high, unit trade costs are low and R&D is relatively cheap, there will be an asymmetric …

trade. When there is a mixture of horizontal and vertical quality regulations, the profit-shifting motive for protection is …Regulatory standards, such as on health and safety, may be subject to strategic bias when a country engages in trade …. Where regulation is to correct an undersupply of quality by a monopolistic industry, if regulators do not cooperate and …rms …

'agglomeration in a system of cities' in which both intra-city trade and inter-city trade are considered. Enriching both the … economic (i.e. intensity of trade) integration, the higher is the magnitude of the inefficiency. From a theoretical point of …