systematically larger along the pre-Islamic trade routes in the Old World. The theory argues that this particular type of geography …, capital accumulation remained low and wealth inequality bounded. Geography and trade shaped the set of economically relevant … economic performance. It suggests that the unequal distribution of land endowments conferred differential gains from trade …

the aim of promoting job creation and regeneration, boosting trade, investment and innovation, and supporting the … trade promotion, and additional support for innovation, increasing their attractiveness to both domestic and international …

adherence is systematically higher along the pre-Islamic trade routes. We discuss the possible mechanisms that may give rise to … the observed pattern and provide a simple theoretical argument that highlights the interplay between an unequal geography … and proximity to lucrative trade routes. We argue that these elements exacerbated inequalities across diverse tribal …

systematically larger along the pre-Islamic trade routes in the Old World. The theory argues that this particular type of geography …, capital accumulation remained low and wealth inequality bounded. Geography and trade shaped the set of economically relevant … economic performance. It suggests that the unequal distribution of land endowments conferred differential gains from trade …

This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine and in turn … presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from trade across regions, fostering predatory behavior from the … redistribution featuring direct income transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered …