The Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC), a new joint economic venture between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea), is a manufacturing center in North Korea that uses North Korean labor and South Korean capital to produce labor-intensive...

Embedded in a significant number of international investment agreements are provisions that allow states to invoke essential security interests at times of necessity to limit the application of substantive treaty agreements. These provisions, which are largely devoid of express signatory intent,...