While there is an extensive amount of literature on the noodle bowl of agreements in Asia, the majority of studies exclusively focus on trade (in goods). So far, little emphasis has been placed on the proliferation of international investment treaties (IIAs). Given the significance of IIAs, it...

There have been many successful attempts to analyse most of the rules and principles that make up the substance of the international law of foreign investment. There is, however, a lack of a general theory, or, at least, a tool which would allow us to analyse, compare, and make sense of this...

India has a long history of economic linkages with the EU member states. In recent period, the volumes of Indo-EU trade both in case of merchandise products and services have considerably increased and a number of investment collaboration opportunities are emerging. Since 2007 the two sides are...

This Perspective probes the complexities of umbrella clauses in international investment agreements, spotlighting their inherent legal ambiguities and potential for misuse. It advocates for careful negotiation and refinement of these clauses or, alternatively, their elimination to ensure...