US National Park Service personnel are resistant to training programmes derived from business and industry. The circumstances leading to development of a customised training programme are described – in particular the development and presentation of a simulation which was a key feature.

Reports on the new case‐oriented system of management development being used by the Presidents of ARCO Oil and Gas in an attempt to improve the ability of middle management to add value to an organization. Examines case and organizational analysis as deployed in the Middle Management Seminar,...