, but there is limited understanding about the determinants of contract duration in developed countries. In this research … legal status, price and non-price conditions in influencing the contract duration. Results indicate that the legal status of …

percent in 2001, and a substantial increase over 28 percent in 1991 and 11 percent in 1969. However, aggregate contract use … in a package of risk management tools available to farmers. Production contracts are used widely in livestock production …

are far more likely to contract than small farms; in fact, contracts cover over half of the value of production from farms …

. Pollution levels allowed under Coasean contracts then in general depend on agents' risk appetites, and on the initial … institutions that allocate risks, nor from the financial institutions that facilitate risk transfer. In particular, improvements in … environmental risk markets generally induce greater levels of pollution …