This paper provides a microeconometric analysis of the distinctive characteristics of springboard subsidiaries that have a positive impact on the subsidiaries' performance. Based on panel data estimations for subsidiaries of European multinational companies with a presence in Spain, the authors...

The labour market effects of foreign direct investments (FDI) are a topic of constant interest. However, research progress is hindered as most datasets applied in research on this topic suffer from selectivity with respect to firm size. To overcome this deficiency a unique dataset that covers...

This paper examines the relationship between firm internationalization and cost of equity. We find that firms with a higher degree of international operations have a significantly lower cost of equity, which is more pronounced for firms in provinces with a weak institutional environment or firms...