Efforts to provide alternative resources and technologies for producing liquid fuel have recently been intensified. Different levels of dependence on oil imports and carbon prices have a significant impact on the composition of the cost-minimizing portfolio of technologies. Considering such...

To achieve carbon emissions peak and neutrality, the structural adjustment of both the economy and energy system of a country is essential. In this study, a multi-objective optimization model based on the Input-Output approach is built to coordinate diverse policy targets vis-à-vis GDP growth,...