In 1933, Turkey set out on a crash process of reforming its legal and health care delivery systems as well as its system of higher education using refugees fleeing the Nazis. By way of formal government invitations these people were given a safe haven. For many America was out of reach because...

This paper reviews Turkey's policies and the practices of economic and social development starting with the end of its War of Independence in 1923 to date. It also analyzes the policies which have inhibited its development potential

The system of higher education inherited by the Republic of Turkey in 1923, consisted of a few hundred Ottoman vintage (Islamic) madrasas and three military academies, one of which was expanded into an engineering school. With secularization enshrined in its constitution, the new government...

The policies of the Ottoman Empire and of its successor the republic of Turkey, have always considered technology transfer (TT) from abroad to be an important means for development. In late 18th century, the Ottoman Empire transferred some technology to improve its army. Contemporaneously there...

This paper discusses India's post independence technology transfer (TT) policies and practices and examines their impact on economic development. It then juxtaposes similar findings for two other countries - Turkey and Israel. All three gained independence in the 20th century. At independence...