, using instrumental variables estimation to address the potential endogeneity of offshoring. It finds that service offshoring …This paper estimates the effects of offshoring on productivity in U.S. manufacturing industries between 1992 and 2000 … during this period. Offshoring material inputs also has a positive effect on productivity, but the magnitude is smaller …

In this paper we survey the recent empirical literature on the effects of offshoring on wage, employment and … displacement. We start with an overview of the measurement of offshoring, organizing our discussion around the three key elements … of offshoring: that it involves intermediate inputs for production (vs. final goods for consumption); that it involves …