We estimate calories available to workers' households in the USA, Belgium, Britain, France and Germany in 1890/1. We employ data from the United States Commissioner of Labor survey (see Haines, 1979) of workers in key export industries. We estimate that households in the USA, on average, had...

A neoclassical realist interpretation of grand strategy -- U.S. grand strategy in the early phases of the Cold War -- The hardening of alliances in the 1890s -- Power, wealth, and time in the mercantilist period -- Britain's naval scare of 1909 -- Behind the Maginot Line : French grand strategy...