or not salient to physicians. We test how physicians respond to malpractice allegations made directly against them. Our … sample is Emergency Department physicians in Florida, where we have the universe of data on patients and how they are treated … along with a census of malpractice complaints. We find that physicians oversee 9% fewer discharges after malpractice …

, Medicare's regulatory externalities beyond fee-setting are less well understood. We study how physicians' outpatient surgery …. Specifically, physicians became 70% more likely to use ASCs for the policy-targeted procedure among their non-Medicare patients …

the productivity difference between physicians and nurse practitioners (NPs), two health care professions performing … and quasi-experimental variation in the patient probability of being treated by physicians versus NPs in the emergency … department, we find that, compared to physicians, NPs significantly increase resource utilization but achieve worse patient …