After the development of Atlantic trade in the nineteenth century, the United States of America (US) became economically important place, attracting to a labour flow from neighbouring countries and other continents. Meanwhile, serious economic and political shocks were experienced by the Ottoman...

This paper argues that the traditional societal contract that underlies the market economy has run its course and needs to be replaced by a new contract, based on a new conception of the "empowering economy." Whereas different societal contracts are relevant to different societies, there must be...

This paper argues that the traditional social contract that underlies the free market economy has run its course and needs to be replaced by a new contract, based on a new conception of the “empowering economy.” Whereas different social contracts are relevant to different societies, all...

Complexity economics has developed into a powerful empirical, theoretical, and computational research program in the last three decades, advancing more realistic economics. It converges with longstanding heterodox schools, and its theoretical and empirical findings are consistent with older...

The debate on industrial policy has taken on new energy as the United States, and many others, examine national competitiveness in the face of the rise of China, the decline of the WTO, and a growing awareness, due only in part to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, that international trade and...

The paper traces the rise and decline of solar cell commercialization efforts during the 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. It shows how technology policies for photovoltaic appliances gained and lost support in a time of increasing uncertainty about future resource supplies and the...