In Europe after World War II, U.S. economic aid helped to ensure economic revival, political stability, and democracy. In the Third World, however, aid has been associated with very different tendencies: uneven political development, violence, political instability, and authoritarian rule in...

Why foreign aid? Setting the stage -- Aid's purposes: a brief history -- The United States: Morgenthau's puzzle -- Japan: the rise and decline of an "aid superpower" -- France: rank et rayonnement -- Germany: a "middle of the roader" -- Denmark: the humane internationalist -- Conclusions and...