This paper outlines the evolution, structure and operations of US railroads. It traces the evolution of the railroad network and the regulation framework. The current industry structure is also examined along with organization and operational characteristics. The strategies underlying the...

We describe a pair of subadditivity tests that can be used to evaluate the technological feasibility of separating a vertically integrated network monopoly into a common infrastructure component and competing operating components. We implement the tests with a Generalized McFadden cost function...

The deregulation of the telephone industry has been a major task of public policy for the past two decades. There have been some outstanding achievements but also some serious frustrations ? especially in the deregulation of local telephone service. This paper notes the parallels (as well as the...