This paper provides the first quantitative economic models of pharmacy benefit management regulation. The price … "rebate traps." Applicable types of regulation include rebate rules, such as the HHS rebate rule and the Insulin Act …

This paper provides the first quantitative economic models of pharmacy benefit management regulation. The price … “rebate traps.” Applicable types of regulation include rebate rules, such as the HHS rebate rule and the Insulin Act …

The paper aims at empirically investigating the relationship between regulation and the capital structure of the … as a response to previous physical capital investment with an ultimate goal of inducing higher rates. Theoretical models …) and gross investment (INV) in physical capital. The evidence accruing from a dynamic panel data estimation indicates an …

This paper examines the investment and financial decisions of a sample of 92 EU regulated utilities, taking into … account key institutional features of EU public utilities, such as: a) regulation by agencies with various degrees of … independence matters for both investment and financial decisions. Investment increases under an Independent Regulatory Agency (IRA …

carriers and 3G coverage investment to quantify the impact of a compatible network. Using counterfactual experiments, I find …

of the reduced return on investment. If policymakers want to implement policies to encourage further broadband … penetration, they should instead remove current barriers to entry and impediments to investment. Specifically, continued franchise … reallocated in order to spur broadband investment. In light of the lack of evidence of failure in the broadband market …

pricing when consumers are inattentive, and evaluate bill-shock regulation requiring firms to disclose information that … substitutes for attention. When inattentive consumers are heterogeneous and unbiased, bill-shock regulation reduces social welfare … underestimate their demand, however, then bill-shock regulation can lower market prices and protect consumers from exploitation …

The paper aims at empirically investigating the relationship between regulation and the capital structure of the … as a response to previous physical capital investment with an ultimate goal of inducing higher rates. Theoretical models …) and gross investment (INV) in physical capital. The evidence accruing from a dynamic panel data estimation indicates an …