The recent financial crisis has plagued banking institutions around the world. Using a non-parametric (data envelopment analysis) approach, we measure operating and profit efficiency of 21 commercial banks from four countries during 2004-2010. The results suggest that for the most part there is...

Capital-labor substitution and TFP estimates are essential features of many economic models. Such models typically embody a balanced growth path. This often leads researchers to estimate models imposing stringent prior choices on technical change. We demonstrate that estimation of the...