competition and at lower prices. Yet A&P's very success, which came at the expense of smaller and less efficient competitors …

the EU Digital Markets Act proposal. Instead, competition in e-commerce should be protected by competition-law enforcement …, which has the merit of a flexible case-by-case approach. Focus by competition authorities should be put on exclusionary … competition authority against Alibaba and Tencent. On the other hand, forced data sharing, as well as interoperability, has …

This paper looks at how EU and U.S. competition laws deal with restrictions of online sales in distribution agreements …, respectively. The growing importance of online commerce highlights how vertical competition law enforcement is still an important … building block of competition law policies, both in the U.S. and in Europe. Businesses who are either engaged in online …

the international comparisons, the price formation of the food chain, degree of concentration, competition, and the …, competition works in Finland just as well in agriculture, the foodstuffs industry and the wholesale and retail trade as it does in … from the standpoint of competition and consumer choice; the position of small producers can best be improved by fostering …

the international comparisons, the price formation of the food chain, degree of concentration, competition, and the …, competition works in Finland just as well in agriculture, the foodstuffs industry and the wholesale and retail trade as it does in … the food. -- Foodstuff prices ; food chain ; agriculture ; foodstuff industry ; retail and wholesale trade ; competition …

Competition authorities have several tools at their disposal in crafting a competition policy. Most prominent are … litigation and merger review. A less-recognized but often effective tool, however, is "competition advocacy." Broadly …, competition advocacy is using persuasion, rather than coercion, to convince government actors to pursue policies that further …

-exchange agreements using clearinghouses like Agri Stats, Inc. lessen competition and offend United States antitrust law, a more general …