panel methods that address both heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Ultimately, it is determined that the negative … effect of warming (proxied by cooling degree days) is restricted to agriculture GDP and found in only a few (mostly northern … negative effect — still restricted to agriculture GDP — was substantially and significantly larger (a finding similar to …

HYPOTHESIS TESTS -- CHAPTER 5: HYPOTHESIS TESTING WITH REAL GDP: SOMEWHAT MIXED RESULTS -- CHAPTER 6: DERIVED DEMAND FOR LABOR … impact a nation’s ability to recover from negative aggregate demand shocks. Spanning total real GDP, per capita real GDP, and … demand on real GDP and employment levels in the long run. Hartman studies modern macroeconomic theories related to economic …

This paper analyzes the effects of real exchange rate volatility on the United States’ exports to BRICS. It focuses on … model was first estimated using three estimation methods, namely, the Panel Least Squares, the Panel Fully Modified Least …, India, China, and South Africa, and uses quarterly data for period from 1993Q1 to 2021Q2. The specified panel regression …