than white-owned firms to borrow from banks and more likely to borrow from fintech lenders is driven entirely by … from banks and toward fintechs is significantly stronger in more racially biased counties, and the bank approval disparity …

less likely than white-owned recipients to borrow from banks and more likely to borrow from fintech lenders is driven … bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by fintechs …

recipients are less likely than whiteowned recipients to borrow from banks and more likely to borrow from fintech lenders is …, and the bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by …

We analyze the effect of a major central bank digital currency (CBDC) - the digital euro - on the payment industry to … firms increase in response to positive announcements on the digital euro. Bank stocks do not react. We estimate a loss in …

In recent years, assets of non-bank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) have grown significantly relative to those of …. We argue instead that NBFI and bank businesses and risks are so interwoven that they are better described as having … contingent liquidity risk from the provision of credit lines to NBFIs; and (iii) Empirical work confirms bank-NBFI linkages …

loan from a fintech lender than a traditional bank. Among conventional lenders, smaller banks were much less likely to lend … to show that the disparity is not primarily explained by differences in pre-existing bank or credit relationships, firm … financial positions, fintech affinity, or borrower application behavior. In contrast, we document that Black-owned businesses …

not subject to consolidated supervision.The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency's new fintech charter contravenes … the text, purpose, and structure of the National Bank Act and other core federal banking statutes. Conferring banking …. The OCC’s fintech charter seems designed mainly to preempt state financial laws without authorization from Congress. It …

recipients are less likely than whiteowned recipients to borrow from banks and more likely to borrow from fintech lenders is …, and the bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by …