results show that on average these cartel overcharges are significantly larger than the criminal fines of either the European …The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the current cartel fine levels of the European Union and the United … United States cartels are assembled and examined (these cartels overcharged an average of 18% to 37%, depending upon the data …

clandestine cartels. We also find that fines complement other antitrust penalties: the number of months that a corporate defendant … Justice has great latitude in recommending corporate cartel fines to the federal courts, and its recommendations are nearly … Antitrust Division of the DOJ on 118 corporate participants of hard-core global cartels. Our behavioral model provides the first …