Mergers may lead to certain competitive harms that are prohibited by virtually every merger control regime in the world. To avoid the outright prohibition of a transaction that is expected to both raise several competition concerns and create pro-competitive efficiencies, the transaction may be...

EU authorities increasingly take antitrust and data protection enforcement action against US internet companies. While many believe in digital protectionism, this paper looks at the foundations of data protection and antitrust policies across the Atlantic to propose an alternative explanation...

Developed economies have historically been a model for emerging market economies, particularly in the development and enforcement of competition laws. Modifications to competition law rules in developed economies, however, may not always be practical for emerging market economies to adopt....

Consumers suffer from high drug prices, which stem in large part from pharmaceutical companies’ anticompetitive games. This essay discusses the crucial role antitrust enforcement agencies can play in addressing pay-for-delay settlements and product hopping and draws lessons from this...

The case between Dexian and Sony is once called “the first Antimonopoly case” in China, since the case happened right before China Antimonopoly Law came into effect and brought certain important legal questions in dispute when the case was going on. Some of those questions now can be solved,...

Periods of profound innovation and technological change invariably result in short run winners and losers. The rise of big box retailers like Wal-Mart, as well as the existence of large supermarket chains, has led competition authorities to focus anew on the issue of buyer power. Antitrust...

Both in US antitrust and EU competition policy a development to a broader appli-cation of rule of reason instead of per se rules can be observed. In the European discussion the attempt to base competition policy on a more economic approach is mainly viewed as im-proving the economic analysis in...

This paper investigates the interrelation between adaptation and climate protection efforts of individuals in a cross-country comparison. The theoretical predictions based on a subjective utility framework demonstrate that, at the individual level, private adaptation and climate protection...

This paper examines the determinants of voluntary individual carbon offsetting, i.e. the financial compensation of emissions from energy use. In contrast to former studies in this field, we particularly consider a comprehensive set of factors that are discussed in the context of voluntary...