Working Paper 11 gives a synthesis of Working Papers 7, 9 and 10 (see the relevant Summaries for further details). It also provides a brief synthesis of earlier literature on the fiscal effects of aid, which is related to the wider literature on the development impact of aid and on budget...

Working Paper 9 forms part of a set of four ESAU papers on the fiscal effects of aid in African countries. The others are on Malawi (Working Paper 7), on Zambia (Working Paper 10) and a literature Survey and Synthesis (Working Paper 11). The first, historical and analytical background, part of...

Many rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa still lack clean water for basic needs such as drinking and washing. Even where water points have been constructed, many break down prematurely or provide inadequate, seasonal or poor-quality water supplies. While techno-managerial factors are...