Among the many significant geopolitical consequences of Russia’s war against Ukraine has been the reinvigoration of the … increasingly attrac­tive alternative route between Europe and China. Russia’s war has disrupted overland connectivity via the New … Trans-Caspian International Transport Route is likely to increase its potential at the expense of Russia in the long …

This paper looks at the development of Chinese exports to Central Asian countries after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in …) categories 84, 85, 87, and 90. Many of the products sanctioned by the West in trade with Russia belong to these categories, but … smaller than direct trade with Russia, China's exports - especially to Kyrgyzstan - have seen dramatic increases in the HS 84 …