"The year 2019 saw the emergence of an unlikely duo consisting of the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Christine Lagarde1 and broadcaster and environmentalist Sir David Attenborough. They discussed the relationship between nature and the economy in a panel session, a...

In this article I survey the theoretical literature on environmental policy in the presence of imperfect competition, ranging from early contributions in the 1960s to the present. I cover the following market structures when polluting firms have market power in the output market: monopoly,...

We investigate the interplay between environmental policy, incentives to adopt new technology, and repercussions on R&D. We study a model where a monopolistic upstream firm engages in R&D and sells advanced abatement technology to polluting downstream firms which are subject to regulation. We...