and adaptation in a two country global pollution model. We investigate the effects of changes of these parameters on the … allocation of emissions, adaptation expenditures, and welfare. In our analysis we distinguish between cooperative and … behavior with respect to emission and adaptation choices. …

addresses this issue by carrying out an integrated analysis of both optimal mitigation and adaptation at the global and regional … level. Adaptation responses are disentangled into three different modes: reactive adaptation, proactive (or anticipatory …) adaptation, and investments in innovation for adaptation purposes. The size, the timing, the relative contribution to total …

each model. The framework is used to analyze the adaptation vs. mitigation dilemma and provides a simple criterion to … determine whether adaptation activities should be undertaken promptly, delayed to some future date, or avoided altogether. …

each model. The framework is used to analyze the adaptation vs. mitigation dilemma and provides a simple criterion to … determine whether adaptation activities should be undertaken promptly, delayed to some future date, or avoided altogether …. -- environmental pollution ; optimal management ; catastrophic transitions ; uncertainty ; adaptation ; mitigation …