Stakeholders who seek to reward or punish businesses for their environmental programs often cannot observe these organizations’ internal policies and operations. To address these informational problems, and signal their beyond-compliance environmental commitments, some businesses are...

The purpose of this study is three-fold. First, it offers preliminary advice regarding different U.S. environmental policies and programs that encourage environmental innovation. Second, this report will help the U.S. manufacturing facilities that participated in our study to benchmark their...

We hypothesize that firms pursuing a proactive environmental strategy: (1) possess resources and capabilities not available to the other firms and (2) enjoy better financial performance subsequently. Using longitudinal data between 1990 and 2003 from the four most polluting industries in the...

Protected areas such as national parks play a crucial role in global conservation efforts and also provide a range of socio-economic benefits. This paper draws from preliminary findings from an ongoing research project to review the broad theoretical socio-ecological perspectives and applies...

We describe a simple mechanism for achieving two goals: (1) to encourage firms to take environmentally friendly action, and (2) to make environmental protection regime-proof. We assert that there is wide evidence now that firms adopting an environmental management system (EMS) like ISO 14001...