Background: Sustainable closed-loop supply chains have emerged as viable answers to supply chain problems. They can handle environmental damages (e.g., waste) and related social impacts. Closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) are forward and reverse supply chain networks that have gained popularity...

Despite the vast literature on why firms should engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and an increasing desire expressed by managers to pursue CSR, many managers have yet to integrate CSR principles in their daily practices due to the lack of a clear link between CSR and corporate...

This paper studies whether institutional investors influence corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) policies and the impact of such influence on firm performance. We use facility-level toxic release data to proxy for a firm's ESG policies. We use geographic distance and the size...