The rationale of voluntary corporate initiatives is often explained with preparedness for future regulation. We test this hypothesis for the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) and the Climate Leaders (CL), two popular voluntary US environmental programs to curb carbon emission that were operating...

Chapter 1. Introduction: The New Role of the Arctic Region -- Chapter 2. Russian Arctic Policy and Key Barriers for the Development in the Northern Latitudes -- Chapter 3. Development of the Northern Sea Route as a Eurasian Transport Corridor -- Chapter 4. Chinese Arctic Strategy: a Threat or...

We study how the implementation of emissions trading systems (ETS) impacts emissions reductions and the usage of renewable energy using a panel sample of the largest 100 countries worldwide. Exploiting the cross-country variations in ETS implementations, we show that ETS adoption materially...