Uncertainty affecting project values makes investors hesitate to build new capacity unless profitability is significant … capture both uncertainty effects and decision-making behaviour of investors. Important stochastic factors typically include …

; incompleteness of contracting and fundamental uncertainty associated with business. As for the latter dimension of Gharar, the … financial institutions are not necessarily discouraged to share the associated uncertainty with the small-sized firms in the … finance, less has been done to elaborate upon it through the lens of Post-Keynesian economics which have greatly contributed …