Es ist die Mehrheit der Weltbevölkerung, die auf Schattenmärkten arbeitet. Mit zunehmender Tendenz. Die Autoren zeigen, wie solche illegalen Märkte funktionieren, wie Menschen dort leben und arbeiten. Ihre Analyse überrascht und verändert den Blick auf dieses Wirtschaften. Markenpiraterie...

It is a notorious fact that the GDP of the Republic of Macedonia would have noted significantly higher amounts and rates of real growth if the transitional development cycle and the numerous shocks that the national economy had in the past 15-16 years would not have caused big structural...

This paper estimates the unrecorded economic activity and employment in Macedonia during 1998-2013. We model the unrecorded economic activity as an unobserved process that depends on tax "burden", business regulations and quality of governance, and affects cash in circulation, foreign currency...

Recently, there has been growing recognition that some formal employees receive from their formal employers two wages, namely an official declared wage plus an additional undeclared (envelope) wage, which reduces the tax and social contributions paid to the authorities. The aim of this paper is...