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Hungary and Poland are increasing the risk of corruption and collusion in public procurement processes in those countries. It … notes that these developments have significant consequences not only for Hungary and Poland, but also for the EU both … challenge individual cases of suspected corruption and collusion in Hungary and Poland (and other Member States), and systematic …
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This paper develops 30 novel quantitative indicators of grand corruption that operationalize 20 distinct techniques of corruption in the context of public procurement. Each indicator rests on a thorough qualitative understanding of rent extraction from public contracts by corrupt networks as...
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