temperature. Visually, there is a clear upward trend in both data. Time series analyses suggest that CO2 is difference …-stationary and temperature is trend-stationary. Thus, the moments (mean, variance, etc.) of the data in levels are functions of time … variations in temperature. We find no statistically robust evidence of correlation, long run co-variation, long run common trend …

. Eine explizite Berücksichtigung von Brüchen im Trend ist für dieses Ergebnis nicht notwendig. Für die praktische Trend …This note shows that German real GDP follows a trend-stationary process. Both tests which have trend-stationarity as … the alternative hypothesis as well as tests that have it under the null hypothesis prefer the trend-stationary model …