Most models of institutional change (e.g.,Dacin, Goodstein, & Scott, 2002) rely on the presence of powerful agents intent on changing the institutions. Few institutional change studies concern situations where powerful agents are absent or do not pursue change. In this paper, we argue that...

This paper extends Meenagh and Minford (2021) to the four waves of infection in the UK by end-2021, using the unique newly available sample-based estimates of infections created by the ONS. These allow us to estimate the e§ects on the Covid hospitalisation and fatality rates of vaccination and...