Scholars tend to assume that in terms of institutional shape the US is generally more hierarchical and centralized than the EU and in terms of market integration the former is more of a single free market than the latter in the sense of fewer allowable trade restraints. This paper, however, in...

The regulation of procurement within the European Union is binary: above certain financial thresholds, contracts are subject to full EU regulation, whereas below they are only subject to national rules (in general). First introduced in the 1970s, the financial thresholds are arbitrary without a...

This study addresses the implications of several scenarios of the UK withdrawing from the EU in relation to the EU Customs Union, the Internal Market law for Goods and Services, and on Consumer Protection law, identifying the main cross-cutting challenges that have to be addressed irrespective...

Britain’s vote on June 23, 2016, to leave the European Union could have a profound impact on public procurement law, both in Europe and internationally. Brexit’s impact may not be catastrophic; for example, the United Kingdom may choose to remain in the European Economic Area, which would...

A requirement or preference for contractors to pay workers involved in the delivery of public contracts a wage above the legal minimum can be seen as part of socially responsible public procurement. However it may also be seen as a restriction on the free movement of goods and services, inasmuch...

A requirement or preference for contractors to pay workers involved in the delivery of public contracts a wage above the legal minimum can be seen as part of socially responsible public procurement. However it may also be seen as a restriction on the free movement of goods and services, inasmuch...

This Working Paper outlines proposals for reforming public procurement law after Brexit. The proposals are set out on the basis that the UK will become a party to the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) and that the GPA will also provide the main constraint for...