Galvanized by the devastation of the Second World War, European countries achieved a historically unprecedented and unparalleled level of regional economic integration in the postwar period. Intensive cooperation between the two biggest powers of continental Western Europe, France, and Germany,...

The reaction within Southeast Asia from business and policy leaders to the United Kingdom’s decision to exit the European Union has thus far been one of disappointment rather than panic. How Brexit will affect a possible EU–ASEAN free trade agreement, bilateral trade deals in the region,...

This paper analyses data released by the three EC member countries' Central Banks on payments and receipts for services traded between West Germany, France, and the Netherlands on the one hand and the five founding member states of ASEAN on the other. Chapter II analyses the changing role of...