penalty for male workers in six European countries (i.e. Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and the UK). Findings show … that the raw gap in hourly gross pay amounts to 16 per cent of male part-timer’s wage in Spain, to 24 per cent in Belgium …, to 28 per cent in Denmark and Italy, to 67 per cent in the UK and to 149 per cent in Ireland. Human capital differences …

penalty for male workers in six European countries (i.e., Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and the UK). Findings show … that the raw gap in hourly gross pay amounts to 16 percent of male part-timer's wage in Spain, to 24 percent in Belgium, to … 28 percent in Denmark and Italy, to 67 percent in the UK and to 149 percent in Ireland. Human capital differences explain …