While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral … holders in Europe (i.e. in EU Member States and the UK), but also by estimating their wage penalty relative to what they could …-education wage penalty in light of theoretical models. Depending on the specification adopted, we find that over-educated PhD holders …

While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral … holders in Europe (i.e. in EU Member States and the UK), but also by estimating their wage penalty relative to what they could …-education wage penalty in light of theoretical models. Depending on the specification adopted, we find that over-educated PhD holders …

This paper uses graduate survey data and econometric methods to estimate the incidence and wage/job satisfaction … incurred wage penalties' which were exacerbated by additional penalties resulting from overskilling in the male labour market … and overeducation in the female labour market. Established immigrants were found to enjoy wage premia, particularly within …

This paper uses graduate survey data and econometric methods to estimate the incidence and wage/job satisfaction … incurred wage penalties' which were exacerbated by additional penalties resulting from overskilling in the male labour market … and overeducation in the female labour market. Established immigrants were found to enjoy a wage premia, particularly …

, we decompose the impacts on earnings into effects on wage rates and effects on hours. For most degrees, the earnings … gains come from increased wage rates, though hours play an important role in some degrees, such as medicine, especially for …