The European Union coordinates and co-finances supra-national transport infrastructure investments in the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) which consist of road, rail, airport, and port infrastructure. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to quantify the direct and indirect...

I investigate causal machine learning (CML) methods to estimate effect heterogeneity by means of conditional average treatment effects (CATEs). In particular, I study whether the estimated effect heterogeneity can provide evidence for the theoretical labour supply predictions of Connecticut's...

Sticky costs materialize when costs increase more with rising an activity than they decrease with falling of the very same amount of the activity. Over time a silent diffusion of sticky costs can be observed in the HoReCa (HOtel/REstaurant/CAtering) industry. In sticky costs literature the cost...

Many developing countries have introduced sector-specific taxes on the consumption of mobile services, which apply on top of general taxes, and therefore discourage the positive externalities that have been estimated to be associated with the use of mobile technology on workers' productivity and...

At the end of 2015, the Deutsche Bundesbank had issued a total net amount of just over €45 billion in €20 banknotes. In statistical terms, each resident living in Germany was therefore issued with around 30 banknotes of this denomination. Up until now, it was not clear how many of these...

We provide empirical evidence of the dynamics of city size distribution for the whole of the twentieth century in U.S. cities and metropolitan areas. We focus our analysis on the new cities that were created during the period of analysis. The main contribution of this paper, therefore, is the...