This paper estimates the risk of preference erosion for non-reciprocal preference recipients in the agricultural sector as a consequence of MFN tariff cuts. It is based on a simulation of a single tariff-cutting scenario. The measure of preference erosion risk is the difference in preference...

"Global trade is a key driver for economic growth, and trade is related to several dimensions: The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) with disruptive technologies, globalisation of markets, innovation leading to new trade opportunities, as well as foreign investments following exports lead to...

It is often alleged that PTAs involving the EC and the US include a significant number of obligations in areas not currently covered by the WTO Agreement, such as investment protection, competition policy, labour standards and environmental protection. The primary purpose of this study is to...