Criminal cartel cases in the U.S. are at modern lows, spurring questions as to whether the Antitrust Criminal Penalty Enhancement and Reform Act of 2004 (ACPERA) and the Antitrust Division's criminal enforcement program continue to be effective and, if not, why not? In this Chapter, we offer...

This paper models a key outcome of secret negotiations: partial-leniency fine discounts from plea bargaining in criminal price-fixing cases. Models tested explain up to 52% of variation in percentage discounts. A minor portion is explained by such defendants characteristics as the defendant s...

The Anti-Monopoly (Anti-Competition Law of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is a recent development of the state following the opening up and reform of the 1980s. The Anti-Monopoly Law of PRC learned many experiences from the western world, such as the United States and the European Union...