accountability through transparency leads to a lower expected rate of inflation and less stabilization of supply shocks …The first part of this paper outlines the concept of democratic accountability of central banks, and compares the legal … accountability of the ECB with some other central banks (Bank of Canada, Bank of Japan, Bank of England and the Federal Reserve …

requirements and standards in the field of openness and transparency insofar as these concern the responsibility and accountability … data and information on public finances. There is, however, no legislation connected directly with transparency. So do the … accountability and asserting responsibility? An analysis of the reports and documents concerning the Polish public finance sector …