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inputs to and outputs of government intramural technological innovation. We measure innovative effort and results by … other disciplines. We discuss the implications of our findings for both public- and private-sector innovation efforts and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012834911
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008729185
This chapter reviews the data and literature on gender, race and ethnicity differences in research funding in the United States and Europe. The gender gap in research funding has closed at the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health in the United States and substantially...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013334326
innovation model. We show that pre-grant publication of patents lead to fewer applications and fewer inventions, but it raises …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003742962
This paper analyses the nature of knowledge spillovers from research and development (R&D) in the field of liquid …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011490728
linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million U.S. patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its … strength. Past innovation network structures are calculated using citation patterns across technology classes during 1975 … predictive power on future innovation after 1995. This pattern is consistent with the idea that when there is more past upstream …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011557905
The debate on whether COVID-19 vaccine patents are slowing down the pace of vaccination and the recovery from the crisis has brought the optimal design of pharmaceutical patent policy to the fore. In this paper we evaluate patent policy in the US pharmaceutical industry. We estimate the effect...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012802183
We document the occurrence of process claims in granted U.S. patents over the last century. Using novel data on the type of independent patent claims, we show an increase in the annual share of process claims of about 25 percentage points (from below 10% in 1920). This rise in process intensity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013175193
We study the prevalence and traits of global collaborative patents for U.S. public companies, where the inventor team is located both within and outside of the United States. Collaborative patents are frequently observed when a corporation is entering into a new foreign region for innovative...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011561206
There is a growing literature that aims at assessing the private value of knowledge assets and patents. It has been shown that patents and their quality as measured by citations received by future patents contribute significantly to the market value of firms beyond their R&D stocks. This paper...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008937317