In this paper we analyze the consequences of the fairness recommendation of the Venice Commission in allocating voting districts among larger administrative regions. This recommendation requires the size of any constituency not to differ from the average constituency size by more than a fixed...

This paper regards the regulation of intellectual property, services and investments in some preferential trade agreements. We analyze the systematization of intellectual property, services and investment rules contained in treaties signed by the United States, European Union, India and China in...

This article is the result of a research on regulation of global trade, particularly on regional agreements and bilateral trade of the Institute for Applied Economic Research. The results presented here i) address the presentation of data and scanning of existing preferential agreements for the...

This paper analyses the prospects and problems of a Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA) between the European Union and the United States. Possible economic reasons for the proposal of TAFFA such as the intensity of bilateral trade and a strong interdependence in investment flows and the...

A pesar de los beneficios de la actividad bancaria transfronteriza para la economía real, los incentivos políticos para oponerse a su desarrollo han sido muy grandes tanto en Estados Unidos como en la UE. La existencia de una red de salvamento de carácter federal no es suficiente para...

In the United States and the European Union (EU), political incentives to oppose cross-border banking have been strong in spite of the measurable benefits to the real economy from breaking down geographic barriers. Even a federal-level supervisor and safety net are not by themselves sufficient...

The recent US tax reform, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, lowered the statutory corporate income tax rates and brought other important changes for the taxation of multinational enterprises worldwide. This paper reviews these changes and discusses their effects for effective tax rates and tax...

Using qualitative methods, this article focuses on the relationship between the COVID-19 health crisis and China's foreign policy and foreign relations. My main argument is that since its outbreak in late 2019, the COVID-19 health crisis has deepened the tensions already existing between China...

Due to the growing importance of environmental policies in the United States of America and the European Union, including the impact on international trade, the authors propose a comparative analysis of the rules and institutions that govern the environmental issue in these two actors. After...