This paper uses a large language model to develop an ex-ante measure of the commercial potential of scientific findings. In addition to validating the measure against the typical holdout sample, we validate it externally against 1.) the progression of scientific findings through a major...

We study international market entry in the context of the Internet, and ask: On what basis do U.S. Internet firms choose the markets that they enter? Our baseline hypothesis is that international market entry decisions are based on balancing perceived risks and returns inherent in a foreign...

We examine the influence of physical proximity on between-startup knowledge spillovers at one of the largest technology co-working hubs in the United States. Relying on the random assignment of office space to the hub's 251 startups, we find that proximity positively influences knowledge...

Industrial policy is experiencing a major revival in the United States as policymakers and pundits of various ideological backgrounds propose ambitious new government schemes to boost innovation in a wide variety of sectors. Much of this advocacy focuses on creating detailed blueprints to...

Industrial policy is experiencing a major revival in the United States as policymakers and pundits of various ideological backgrounds propose ambitious new government schemes to boost innovation in a wide variety of sectors. Much of this advocacy focuses on creating detailed blueprints to...

In this article we estimate the long-run aggregate elasticity of substitution between skilled and unskilled workers. This is an important parameter as it allows us to compute the skill biased technological progress (SBTP) from the evolution of relative wages. However, it is hard to estimate...

The US decision not to ratify the Kyoto Protocol and the recent outcomes of the Bonn and Marrakech Conferences of the Parties drastically reduces the effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol in controlling GHG emissions. The reason is not only the reduced emission abatement in the US, but also the...

Biographical information on a sample of renowned U.S. inventors is combined with information on the patents they received over their careers, and employed to highlight the implications of patent institutions for markets in inventions and for democratization. The United States deliberately...

An increasingly influential "technological-discontinuity" paradigm suggests that IT-induced technological changes are rapidly raising productivity while making workers redundant. This paper explores the evidence for this view among the IT-using U.S. manufacturing industries. There is some...

Using US data for the period 1959-2007, we identify sectoral productivity shocks and capital investment-specific shocks by employing a Vector Autoregression whose shock structure is disciplined by a general equilibrium model. Controlling for real and nominal factors, we find that capital...