Manipulation : some history -- Market manipulation and the New Deal legislation -- Postwar manipulation and speculation -- Manipulation of commodity prices in a time of inflation -- Manipulation setbacks under the federal securities laws -- The battle over OTC derivatives -- The Dodd-Frank Act...

Recent studies have documented the importance of asymmetry and tail-fatness of returns on portfolio-choice, asset-pricing, value-at-risk and option-valuation models. This article explores the nature of skewness and elongation in daily Exchange-traded Fund (ETF) return distributions using g, h...