This paper provides a rationale for the revival of protectionism, based on the rise of the educated class. In a trade …, which can be attenuated through taxation. By playing a two-stage political game, citizens decide on trade openness and the … extent of redistribution. In this setting, trade liberalization is politically viable as long as the losers from trade are …

This paper investigates the international spillover effects of U.S. trade protection. Using micro-level data on anti …-dumping, countervailing duties, and safeguards, I develop a new measure of U.S. trade policy announcement shocks for the period 1988-2015 that … is free of confounding factors. Estimates using the new measure indicate that announced, but not yet imposed, U.S. trade …

We provide a theory of trade policy determination that incorporates the protectionist bias inherent in majoritarian …-97. We find evidence of a significant majority bias in trade policy: the benefit to being represented by the majority party …

International politics affects oil trade. But do financial and commercial traders who participate in spot oil trading …

International politics affects oil trade. But does it affect the oil-exporting developing countries more? We construct … from these individual firms is driven by hold-up risks, because oil trade is often associated with backward vertical FDI … effect on oil trade should be more significant in the developing world. We find that oil import decisions are indeed more …

International politics affects oil trade. But why? We construct a firm-level dataset for all U.S. oil … hold-up risks, because oil trade is often associated with backward vertical FDI. To test this hold-up risk hypothesis, we …, although the reverse is true in the short run. We interpret this empirical regularity as that while firms trade in the spot …